Lord Henry Is the Root of Dorian Grays Corruption - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 976 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/05/15 Category Literature Essay Level High school Topics: The Picture of Dorian Gray Essay Did you like this example? In the novel The Picture of Dorian Gray, written by Oscar Wilde, the main character Dorian Gray is corrupted by his acquaintance Lord Henry, who ultimately leads to Dorians demise. Throughout the story Lord Henry fills Dorians head with all types of immoral thoughts and lies. Lord Henrys flawed philosophical theories alter his mind and eventually lead Dorian down the wrong path. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Lord Henry Is the Root of Dorian Grays Corruption" essay for you Create order As a result of this, Dorian ends up murdering his dear friend Basil Hallward, after he confronts Dorian. Later on, Dorian then commits suicide. Dorians suicide was indeed influenced by no one other than Lord Henry, for he is to blame for poisoning Dorians pure mind. When Lord Henry and Dorian Gray first meet it is almost premeditated that their friendship would lead to Dorians demise. Just before Basil Hallward introduces Lord Henry to Dorian, Basil expresses to him that Dorian Gray is my dearest friend, he said He has a simple and a beautiful nature Dont spoil him (Wilde 15). Basil knew Lord Henry would indeed be toxic to Dorians nature, which is why he proceeded to keep the two apart. Basil explicitly states, Dont try to influence him. Your influence would be bad because of prior knowledge of what Lord Henry is capable of doing to Dorians mind (Wilde 15). Lord Henrys philosophy is obviously flawed if Basil questions Dorian even being able to meet him. Additionally, when Basil finally introduces the two, Basil is described as, looking worried, and when he heard Lord Henrys last remark, he glanced at him, hesitated for a moment, and then said, Harry, I want to finish this picture to-day.Would you think it awfully rude of me if I asked you to go away? (Wilde 17). It is evident that Basil is trying to protect Dorian from Lord Henrys corruption for the simple fact that he is deliberately going out of his way to isolated from each other. Lord Henry patently has the power to alter Dorians mind into something evil since basil is extremely concerned from the beginning. Additionally, Lord Henry knows the potential his influence holds. He says himself, There is no such thing as a good influence, Mr. Gray. All influence is immoral (Wilde 18). Lord Henry admits that all influence is corrupt in this line. He furthers his philosophy stating to influence a person is to give ones own soul. He does not think his natural thoughts, or burn with his natural passions which proves that he is very much aware of what he is doing (Wilde 18). Lord Henry continues on to mention that the person who is receiving influence is no longer themselves. According to Lord Henry they transform into an echo of someone elses music, an actor of a part that has not been written for him (Wilde 18). By Lord Henry expressing these thoughts it is conspicuous that he would have to believe these statements true of himself. A major component in Lord Henrys philosophy that is has the greatest impact on Dorian is the belief that beauty is what is important. Dorian is a very handsome young man, who was an orphan, meaning he didnt receive much guidance during his childhood. This makes him more vulnerable to being persuaded by Lord Henrys flawed philosophy. Whatever Lord Henry feeds to Dorian, he believes. For instance, Dorian and Lord Henry are in Basils garden and Lord Henry suggests, Some day, when you are old and wrinkled and ugly, when thought has seared your forehead with its lines, and passion branded your lips with its hideous fires, you will feel it terribly. Now, wherever you go, you charm the world.. (Wilde 22). He basically says that Dorians life will be worthless once his youth is gone. His live will become stagnant and wont have any meaning that once Dorian is old and no longer beautiful. By Lord Henry planting this in Dorians head, it shapes the way he lives for the rest of his life. When Dorian comes to the realization that he will not be young, beautiful, and charming forever, it is hard for him to swallow. The thought of not having his good looks to rely on causes him uneasiness. As he ponders growing old, a sharp pang of pain struck through him like a knife and made each delicate fibre of his nature quiver which exemplifies him not being able to handle the fact that his beauty will run out (Wilde 25).. By Lord Henry convincing him that his beauty is all he has to offer in the world, his life then begins to spiral out if control. In addition, Dorian gains feelings for an actress named Sibyl Vane and when he invites Lord Henry to her show, Lord Henry says to Dorian that she isnt that good of an actress. Dorian becomes upset and treats Sibyl poorly and she eventually commits suicide. Once again Dorian is manipulated by Lord Henry. Furthermore, around the town it is rumored that Dorian is corrupting younger boys and one of them even commits suicide as well. As Do rian continues down his path of destruction, he ends up murdering the only person who generally cared for him, which was Basil. Basil had his best intentions for Dorian unlike Lord Henry. Lord Henry ruined Dorian and altered his mind into doing evil things. Conclusively, Lord Henry is at fault for Dorian being immoral. He originally exposed Dorian to his sin filled philosophy. He knew Dorian seeked leadership and he took advantage of that. Instead of giving him positive reinforcement and good advice such like Basil. Which is why he is responsible for Dorians negative acts. Had the two ever met, Dorian would have never murdered Basil. At the end of the day, the blame should not be placed on anyone other than Lord Henry. References: Wilde, Oscar. The Picture of Dorian Gray, by Oscar Wilde. Ye Olde Paris Booke-Shoppe, 1913.

Innovation and Business Performance a Literature Review

INNOVATION AND BUSINESS PERFORMANCE: A LITERATURE REVIEW Commissioned by GO-ER Andy Neely Jasper Hii The Judge Institute of Management Studies University of Cambridge 15 th Jan 1998 CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION 2 INNOVATION 2.1 Why innovate? 2.2 Innovation and competitiveness 2.3 Barriers to innovation 2.4 Summary 3 INNOVATION MANAGEMENT 3.1 What is innovation? 3.1.1 Diffusion of innovation 3.2 Models of innovation 3.2.1 First generation: technology-push 3.2.2 Second generation: market-pull 3.2.3 Third generation: coupling model 3.2.4 Fourth generation: integrated model 3.2.5 Fifth generation: systems integration and networking 3.3 Levels of analysis 3.3.1 Firm-level 3.3.2 Regional-level 3.3.3 National-level 3.4†¦show more content†¦Studies suggest that at firm-level, innovative capacity is influenced by three dimensions: firm culture; internal processes; and external environment. The concept of innovativeness relates to the propensity of an individual or a firm to innovate. Firm innovativeness is influenced by three sets of factors: organisational characteristics; managerial characteristics and environmental characteristics. The models used to depi ct innovation process can be classified into five generations. They are: technology-push model, market-pull model, coupling model, integrated model and networking model. †¢ Networking is a key element in enhancing the innovative potential of firms. Section 3 INNOVATION AND PERFORMANCE: †¢ Numerous empirical studies suggest that innovation enhances firm performance. iv †¢ Innovation enhances business performance because the product of innovation increases firm competitiveness and the process of innovation transforms a firm’s internal capabilities making it more adaptive to change. †¢ †¢ †¢ Innovation is hard to measure because of its multi-dimensional character. 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Pathophysiologic Cascades in Ischemic Stroke - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Pathophysiologic Cascades in Ischemic Stroke. Answer: Introduction: Stroke refers to the medical condition characterized by poor blood flow to the brain, eventually resulting in death of the brain cells. According to research studies, stroke can be defined as a neurological deficit that occurs due to cerebrovascular incidents, and persists beyond 24 hours (Jauch et al. 2013). At times, such incidents can get interrupted due to death within the time frame. Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is the medical term commonly used for stroke. Rupture or blockage of a blood vessel results in disruption of blood flow to a part of the brain. This directly creates a deficiency of oxygen in brain cells and leads to their immediate death (Andrade et al. 2012). Hindered blood supply to the neuronal tissues often lead to an extraordinary injury to the brain functions. This essay will focus on a case study of a 75 year-old widow, Ms. Greta Balodis, following her deterioration in health and diagnosis of CVA. Pathophysiology of cerebrovascular accident- Stroke is generally divided into two categories namely, ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. An analysis of the case study suggests that the patient Greta suffered from a possible ischemic attack in the year 2012. Ischemic stroke generally occurs due to loss of blood supply to a part of the brain, thereby initiating an ischemic cascade. Deprivation oxygen in the brain cells for more than 60- 90 seconds are found to exert damaging effects and irreversible injuries in the patient after three hours. A similar incident probably occurred in the patient where oxygen deprivation led to infarction in her brain (Xing et al. 2012). Furthermore, disruption of blood supply occurs due to narrowing the blood vessel lumen and results in blood flow reduction. This in turn results in blood clot formation in the vessels. Disintegration of atherosclerotic plaques are also found responsible for emboli release. Occurrence of CVA in the patient can be correl ated to embolic infarction that might have occurred due to emboli formation in the heart due to atrial fibrillation (Palm et al. 2012). Research evidences suggest that emboli from the carotid arteries or the heart are found to break off and enter the bloodstream through cerebral circulation, thereby lodging in and blocking the blood vessels in the brain (Bailey et al. 2012). The fact that she suffers from hypertension can also be linked to the pathophysiology of stroke. High blood pressure is found to damage the arteries present throughout the body, thereby creating conditions that result in their bursting or clogging. Such weakened arteries present in the human brain increased the likelihood of the patient to suffer from stroke (Wang et al. 2013). Blockage of blood vessels in the brain resulted in subsequent energy deprivation, which in turn made the brain resort to adopting an anaerobic metabolism pathwayswithin the regions containing affected brain tissues. According to evidences such anaerobic metabolism is found to produce lessATP (Ji et al. 2013). However, this results in accumulation oflactic acid. Depletion of oxygen or glucose in the brain are directly responsible for release of glutamate, the excitatory neurotransmitter. Further pathophysiology mechanism of the CVA suffered by Greta can be linked to producted of reactive oxygen species and oxygen free radicals that damage the endothelium of the blood vessels, and trigger an ischemic cascade (Rodrigo et al. 2013). In addition to causing potential damage to the brain tissues, infarction and ischemia can also be thought responsible for loss of neuronal structural integrity, facilitated by matrix metalloprotease release. On the other hand, hemorrhagic strokes most commonly occur due to ruptured aneurysm, prior ischemic formation, and hypertensive hemorrhage. Previous history of TIA in the patient might have resulted in injury of the brain tissue, thereby leading to their compression from an expanding hematoma (Aggarwal et al. 2012). This pressure is also responsible for disrupting blood supply to the affected parts of the brain, with subsequent infarction. Thus, the blood released from the part where hemorrhage occurred might have created toxic effecrs on vasculature and the brain structure (Zis et al. 2013). Greta was reported to suffer from three fall related incidents in the past six months. This can be established by the fact that seizures are regarded as signs of brain injury and occur due t o sudden disorganization of electrical activity in the brain (Cook et al. 2015). The fact that the patient had previous history of TIA suggests that these might have resulted in the cells emit busts of energy and result in unintentional body movements, and short periods of unconsciousness. Explanation of signs and symptoms- The two common signs and symptoms presented by the patient Greta Balodis include left sided hemiplegia and resolving dysphagia. Hemiplegia refers to a type of paralysis that affects a particular side of the body, often reported to affect one arm and one leg. The symptoms occasionally are found to extend till the torso. Failure of the brain to send, produce or interpret necessary signals, as a subsequent result of any disease or damage to the brain tissues are found to be the underlying factors that govern this condition. Presence of this symptom in the patient can be related to the fact that strokes, transient ischemic attacks and brain aneurysm or hemorrhages are found to directly result in paralysis (Sin and Lee 2013). Insufficient blood supply to parts of the right cerebral hemisphere is found to result in disruption of its function, thereby resulting in left sided hemiplegia in the patient. Most common signs of this condition are associated with difficulty in walking, loss of balance, impaired ability to grasp, muscle fatigue and reduction in movement precision (Sasaki et al. 2013). Therefore, injury to parts of the right hemisphere that controls body movements resulted in Gretas inability to control voluntary movement of the muscles present on the left arm and legs. It can further lead to muscle spasticity and make her more vulnerable to suffering from seizures and subsequent falls. Dysphagia refers to the medical condition that results in difficulty in swallowing food. Greta also reported symptoms of dysphagia, following her stay at the stroke rehabilitation facility. This suggests that the patient takes more time and effort for moving food or any fluids from the mouth to the stomach. This difficulty in swallowing is usually a result of muscular problems. Oral dysphagia or high dysphagia results in weakness of the tongue following experience of a stroke, which in turn creates difficulties in transporting food along the mouth. Lack of oxygen, in specific regions of the brain, results in death of neuronal cells and tissues, due to reduced blood flow (Daniels, Anderson and Willson 2012). Death of cells that are responsible for governing the process of food swallowing can directly lead to this condition. Thus, sudden neurological damage due to cerebrovascular accident might make it difficult for Greta to move food particles into the throat. This would make her gag, choke or cough while swallowing. Her old age can also be considered as a major risk factor for this presenting symptom. Further complications may also arise in the patient such as, pneumonia, aspiration, dehydration and sudden weight loss (Crary et al. 2013). To conclude, it can be stated that previous history of TIA made the patient at an increased likelihood of suffering from cerebrovascular accidents. Thus, strokes are major debilitating and life threatening conditions that occur with little warning. The patient Greta suffered from a CVA due to interruption of blood supply to parts of her brain. This further resulted in paralysis on the left side of her body and subsequent difficulty to swallow food. Thus, in addition to pharmacological intervention, efforts must be taken to restore her mobility. This can be brought about by engaging her in physical therapies and occupational therapy. Support from her daughter and other family members is crucial for providing her a comfortable environment after stroke. This will enhance her overall health and wellbeing and improve her health related quality of life. References Aggarwal, A., Gupta, A., Kumar, S., Baumblatt, J.A., Pauwaa, S., Gallagher, C., Treitman, A., Pappas, P., Tatooles, A. and Bhat, G., 2012. Are blood stream infections associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke in patients with a left ventricular assist device?.ASAIO Journal,58(5), pp.509-513. Andrade, S.E., Harrold, L.R., Tjia, J., Cutrona, S.L., Saczynski, J.S., Dodd, K.S., Goldberg, R.J. and Gurwitz, J.H., 2012. A systematic review of validated methods for identifying cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic attack using administrative data.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety,21(S1), pp.100-128. Bailey, E.L., Smith, C., Sudlow, C.L. and Wardlaw, J.M., 2012. Pathology of lacunar ischemic stroke in humansa systematic review.Brain Pathology,22(5), pp.583-591. Cook, M., Baker, N., Lanes, S., Bullock, R., Wentworth, C. and Arrighi, H.M., 2015. Incidence of stroke and seizure in Alzheimer's disease dementia.Age and ageing,44(4), pp.695-699. Crary, M.A., Humphrey, J.L., Carnaby-Mann, G., Sambandam, R., Miller, L. and Silliman, S., 2013. Dysphagia, nutrition, and hydration in ischemic stroke patients at admission and discharge from acute care.Dysphagia,28(1), pp.69-76. Daniels, S.K., Anderson, J.A. and Willson, P.C., 2012. Valid items for screening dysphagia risk in patients with stroke: a systematic review.Stroke,43(3), pp.892-897. Jauch, E.C., Saver, J.L., Adams, H.P., Bruno, A., Demaerschalk, B.M., Khatri, P., McMullan, P.W., Qureshi, A.I., Rosenfield, K., Scott, P.A. and Summers, D.R., 2013. Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association.Stroke,44(3), pp.870-947. Ji, R., Schwamm, L.H., Pervez, M.A. and Singhal, A.B., 2013. Ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack in young adults: risk factors, diagnostic yield, neuroimaging, and thrombolysis.JAMA neurology,70(1), pp.51-57. Palm, F., Urbanek, C., Wolf, J., Buggle, F., Kleemann, T., Hennerici, M.G., Inselmann, G., Hagar, M., Safer, A., Becher, H. and Grau, A.J., 2012. Etiology, risk factors and sex differences in ischemic stroke in the Ludwigshafen Stroke Study, a population-based stroke registry.Cerebrovascular diseases,33(1), pp.69-75. Rodrigo, R., Fernndez-Gajardo, R., Gutirrez, R., Manuel Matamala, J., Carrasco, R., Miranda-Merchak, A. and Feuerhake, W., 2013. Oxidative stress and pathophysiology of ischemic stroke: novel therapeutic opportunities.CNS Neurological Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-CNS Neurological Disorders),12(5), pp.698-714. Sasaki, N., Mizutani, S., Kakuda, W. and Abo, M., 2013. Comparison of the effects of high-and low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on upper limb hemiparesis in the early phase of stroke.Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases,22(4), pp.413-418. Sin, H. and Lee, G., 2013. Additional virtual reality training using Xbox Kinect in stroke survivors with hemiplegia.American Journal of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation,92(10), pp.871-880. Wang, Y., Xu, J., Zhao, X., Wang, D., Wang, C., Liu, L., Wang, A., Meng, X., Li, H. and Wang, Y., 2013. Association of hypertension with stroke recurrence depends on ischemic stroke subtype.Stroke,44(5), pp.1232-1237. Xing, C., Arai, K., Lo, E.H. and Hommel, M., 2012. Pathophysiologic cascades in ischemic stroke.International Journal of Stroke,7(5), pp.378-385. Zis, P., Vemmos, K., Spengos, K., Manios, E., Zis, V., Dimopoulos, M.A. and Zakopoulos, N., 2013. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in acute stroke: pathophysiology of the time rate of blood pressure variation and association with the 1-year outcome.Blood pressure monitoring,18(2), pp.94-100.